My questions:
1. How much of the root ball can I just slice off before cleaning out the remaining roots?
2. How much can I reduce the foliage after slicing off the roots?
3. Is it too early to do this in central Georgia zone 8a? (we had 14 degrees a few weeks ago). I can protect the trees after transplanting.
1. You should prune and wire first, and transplant last; you really don't want to repot a tree, then jolt the roots around while you manipulate the top. If you plan to work aggressive on the top, go easy on the bottom...or vice-versa. you should be able to reduce the roots by about half, if it is healthy and done at the right time of year,
2. See above. This tree is young and small, so I'd try to keep extra foliage to keep it strong, especially if you reduce the roots.
3. You can prune and wire now, but it is FAR too early to transplant. You're around 75 miles south of me, and junipers are among the last trees I transplant. I'd definitely wait until mid-March.
edit: just saw you plan to put it back in the same pot, if that's the case, why reduce the roots so much? Comb out the old soil, replace with new, and the tree will grow stronger this year.