I have or had what i believed to be root ahpids. What I noticed was weak growth, ants, small flying/crawling aphids around the soil surface, small white patches on the soil surface, some white/yellowy patches below the soil surface and if I looked really close, almost microscopic size whitish transulcent wormlike things. I could see them wiggle if I looked closely.
I tried several malathion soaks last year. I think it significantly slowed the problem but did not eradicate it entirely although that may be my own fault. In order to eradicate them you need to do the soaks weekly to break the reproductive cycle(Thanks BVF). If I remember correctly I believe I did about three or 4 soaks over the course of 6 weeks.
So far this season I have not noticed any type of severe infestation, but i did notice what I believe is the same problem on one or two trees. As a result I have began treatment with imidicloprid by spraying the trees and soaking the roots. I am not treating azalea currently in flower.
I've done this weekly for the past 3 weeks or so to try and eradicate any insect issues. I had problem with scale on two junipers so I am trying to kill two birds with one stone. So far it appears that this course of action is working.