The book is Forest Giants of the Pacific Coast.
An absolute gem for any dendrophile or woodsman. It is out of print but still available.
Van Pelt is well known for his work with big and old trees.
Years ago he teamed up with the WA Department of Natural Resources to create a guide for identifying mature stand structure and old growth trees. It features some photos and illustrations from Forest Giants of the Pacific Coast.
Though different in scope, the guide is also a gem with the added benefit of being free.
Anyone interested in learning about and understanding PNW forests would benefit greatly from these guides.
Just beneath the soil looks like this. In the wild, a result from establishing on the side of a log…
Contextually cool, but not the plan for the spruce.
A new root base is needed. The plan is to ground layer.
A hose clamp was positioned just above the graft. It was tightened enough so that it cannot rotate around the trunk but is not biting in.
A nursery pot will be positioned around the trunk, above the soil in the current container. The pot base was removed and will be used as a plate to help prevent layered roots from growing downwards.
1/2” bark nuggets fill the space beneath the plate and will help prop it up.
Substrate around the layer site is 1/8”-1/4” df bark.
Substrate depth above the layer site is 3-4”
Anticipated time for this process to complete is at least 2 years.