It probably had nothing at all to do with Wal mart, whether your name is correct or not is of zero consequence to the people using it because WM doesn't know what name should be going with your account. They aren't even trying to fool anyone once the bank notices it. Be sure you save a copy of the police report, because just closing the account will not stop them from writting more bad checks off your account! You may get letters saying you have warrants for bad checks... the fact that your name is wrong on them could be a saving grace there.
@CWTurner is right- all they need is your routing and account number and they can take money from your account in numerous ways: create fake checks, electronic drafts, ACH, Western Union.... depending on the HE size of your bank, they may be able to use the same numbers for wires too (larger banks have separate Aba and routing numbers, smaller banks and CUs just use the same one, and some allow internet and phone request for wires). You would be surprised the stuff I saw working at banks the past 10+ years! Writing checks from your account is the absolute worst thing you can do regarding account security. A debit card or credit card gets fraudulent charges on it, no big deal! 100% not liable for fraud on VISA cards, just replace the card with one that has a different number and the problem is solved! You will have you money back within a few days. If a CHECK is used to take money, the only alternative is to close the account! The bank has to file with their insurance to gprecoup losses (.and they only do that in cases where the losses are large), so they wind up taking it in the chin in many instances which means they are less likely to want to give you the money back! The rules can vary a bit more from bank to bank about how and when you get the money back because of this... unlike cards where the third party- VISA- sets the rules and gets involved.
So, to recap-
1: 99% of the time, it has nothing to do with the place where the money is spent. The fraudsters know who doesn't give a rip about checking IDs= busy retailers like Wally World! So as soon as they get a live one, they go running in there! It is also a spot that has big ticket items like Tvs and electronics... and they have services to let people CASH checks... just a big blue fraud magnet! Not usually WM employees doing it, but they are somewhat liable for NEVER checking IDs IMO!
2: STOP WRITTING CHECKS. 100% of the time it is a bad idea! Get a debit card for a bit of protection, but ideally you should use a CREDIT CARD. Debit cards are tied to your checking account and if taken, it can take a while to get the money back sometimes, meanwhile your account is without the funds! If someone gets your credit card, they are just using up a bit of the available balance... No connection to your bank accounts, no harm, no foul- VISA fixes it and wipes out the fraudulent charges, you never pay a dime of it! Not to mention the benefits of cash back or travel rewards... so, give yourself a raise, take advantage of cash features on credit cards, put all your bills/ fun/ EVERYTHING on the CREDIT card, pay it off every month- you just solved your fraud concerns and gave yourself that raise AND made budgeting easier!
3. Sounds like your bank should have caught these checks before your account was wiped out... if they came through with the same numbers on them that is a big red flag! No bank catches everything like this, but duplicate numbers, unusual account activity, overdrafts... are a combination that should have set off many fraud alerts. Might want to shop your banking services and look for a bank with better internal controls if you plan on writting checks in the future. JMHO