Seed colour can be a guide but not definitive. I've had good seed in both light and dark colour. The only way to tell if it is good is to cut it open (which will kill it so not much help except for your interest and education) or plant it and wait. With experience I can now squeeze pine seeds enough to see if they are likely to be good. Empty seeds collapse under light pressure but viable seeds take more pressure to squash. It is also possible to tell if there's an embryo inside by the weight but that also requires experience to know what's light and what's right.
My experience is also that the best seed drops out first when the cones open. Unviable seed often stays trapped in the scales so collecting open cones is not often rewarding, even if you can see wings as the viable seed is probably gone. I'm guessing most good seed has already dropped from your cone if there was any in it. To get good seed the cones need to be picked the day they begin to open or a few days before. Again keeping a close eye on them is essential and experience to detect the signs they are ready to open.
Pine cones also close up again if they get wet. I've picked perfect looking closed cones only to find the seed is all gone.
Actually, I'm a bit surprised your cones are opening at this time of year. Down here black pine cones open in autumn. I harvested mine a few weeks ago. I had to harvest a little earlier than I liked because the cockatoos found them and started tearing the cones apart to get at the seeds. The cones are currently drying in a box until they open to drop the seeds.
I also harvested about 50 red pine cones this year but it looks like they have not developed seed again this year. Not sure why. This is the second year of cones but no seed. The trees are still quite young so maybe not mature enough to produce good seed yet? I'll try again next year.
My seed pines are planted in the garden as seed producing specimens, not potted trees.
