@Peter44 - Welcome to the bonsai hobby. I'm 63 and still starting tree seedlings, and I have every intention of being around to exhibit them when they come into their prime, in 40 years, I'll only be 103, why not? Start projects like you are going to live to 110. Look to the future.
Actually, have been doing bonsai a while, about 40 years, but only the last 15 to 20 years was I more serious about it. Earlier I was just goofing around. Right now none of the trees I have have been with me more than 25 years. Trees come, trees go (sometimes died), I have sold, traded or given away trees. My entire collection of somewhere near 100 sticks in pots has changed over the years. Nothing I have now do I expect to still have in another 20 years, I will have moved things on. That is actually part of the plan. So have fun, enjoy the hobby.
Indoors, try to grow subtropicals and tropicals listed as part shade or deep shade loving. Do visit your marijuana grow shops, they have the latest and greatest in indoor lighting, reason: That is an industry with money, they can fund the research. What is considered bright enough for marijuana is about half sun to three quarters sun, in terms of what a tree would like. Use that as a guide. Tomatoes and Peppers also need the same amount of light as marijuana, so if your state does not have legal recreational pot, the clerk may insist on talking about bright enough for peppers, etc.
Indoors, I like the florist's azalea, they are a series of subtropical azalea hybrids that are very easy to induce bloom. Often they will bloom twice a year, spring and autumn. You can usually get a nice looking tree in less than 5 years from one picked up in the floral department at your grocery store, florists shop or big box hardware store like Lowes. The florist's azalea will be where they sell the orchids. These are great as indoor in winter, outdoor for summer trees. They work indoors year round too, though the season changes outdoors will help set blooms. They don't need, don't want to experience cold below 35 F. Frost can kill them.
Azalea found in the landscape nurseries usually will be winter hardy in your area and should be grown outdoors year round. These will be found where the bushes, junipers and other shrubbery are sold. These will not appreciate being indoors for any length of time. Bring them in to show off the blooms, but back outside within the week would be best.
Ficus, Malpighia, Eugenia, Jaboticaba, Brazilian Rain tree, Serissa, and dozens of others are relatively quick growing trees that can do well indoors year round. Bougainvillea is another great subtropical tree for indoor bonsai. Does great in marijuana level light. (LOL)
Pines, no pine, no member of the genus Pinus will do well indoors, under lights year round. Even indoors for more than a week or two will be rough for them. Pinus contorta, your local Lodgepole pine is a great species for bonsai with a proven good track record. Taking the pot off the self and setting it on the ground for the winter is all your locally native pine, and other trees should need for winter protection. I believe Japanese Black Pine (JBP) is probably fully winter hardy in your area too. But I am in Chicago area, and can't speak for your climate. JBP is not quite winter hardy in my USDA zone 5b area, they will do fine for me for a few winters, but then we'll have a bitter cold winter that will wipe them out. If you are zone 6b or warmer, you should have no trouble at all with JBP outdoors year round. Other good pines are Scott's pine, & mugo pine, are all good bonsai subjects. JBP can be quite quick to develop as you can get 2 flushes of growth per year.
Junipers, all junipers make good bonsai - Procumbens juniper, Shimpaku juniper, and its varieties Itogawa and Kishu are the ''silly putty'' of the bonsai world. Any shape, any style can be created with a juniper. All are full time outdoor trees and get along fine just set on the ground for winter in my area, should be bullet proof in your area.
The only juniper that can survive indoors is Juniper procumbens - all the rest need a hard cold winter rest and full blazing sun. Procumbens juniper will really do much better outdoors, but if you must have a conifer indoors, it is the one that will be more likely to survive. The Monterey Cypress might work as an indoor year round tree - but it also has a reputation of being a little tricky to grow indoors.
Hope I've given you some things to consider.